If Mitt Romney had won the 2012
presidential election his problems would really have started. An incoming
president gets to make several thousand political appointments. The individuals
have to be identified and security cleared and many of them have to be approved
by the Senate. This all takes time and represents a major advantage for an
incumbent president doing a second term, who already has many people in place.
The last three presidents – Messrs Clinton, Bush and Obama – have all served two terms. Bill Clinton had lots of problems in his first year in office as it took so long to get his appointments in place during his attempt to pass healthcare reform. In part this is the reason why there is a gap of a couple of months between the election in November and the inauguration in January.
The current system in the UK means that the transitions between governments are much more seamless and best left alone. Civil servants perform many of the tasks in the UK that political appointees perform in the US and the system appears to have worked well for a generation. If it isn’t broken don’t fix it.
The recession has given the Coalition a handy excuse for reducing the size of the state. David Cameron, for example, made it clear he thinks civil servants are “the enemies of enterprise”.
It is unsurprising then to see continued attacks on public sector workers who have been fired at an even faster rate than planned.Our technology gives rtls systems developers the ability. Public-sector employment is down by 628,000 since June 2010 and is expected to be 1.1m lower by 2018 if Chancellor George Osborne has his way.
The attacks on the public sector are broad based. Francis Maude, Cabinet Office minister, apparently wants a bigger ministerial role in order to increase the accountability of civil servants. For example, Mr Maude has been pressing for secretaries of state to be allowed to choose their most senior civil servants from a shortlist of approved candidates. This apparently hasn’t gone down well with Sir Humphrey who has booted the proposal into touch. Mr Maude, pictured above, of course, was the clot who caused panic earlier this year by advising people to fill up their vehicles and to store fuel in their garages in jerrycans because of a non-existent fuel shortage.
In the Autumn Statement the Chancellor announced that he is imposing an extra two years of real pay cuts for millions of public sector workers. Plus, in another sop to the right-wing of the Tory party that thinks the UK’s labour market is inflexible even though it isn’t, Mr Osborne announced he plans to end national pay bargaining for teachers within two years. Teacher unions are not going to accept this without a fight. Half of all workers in education are union members.
But how does the pay of public-sector workers compare with those in the private sector? Public-sector pay acts as an automatic stabiliser as the economy slows, declining less in recessions than private-sector pay and is especially important in high-unemployment areas.
The evidence from the Office for National Statistics, Average Weekly Earnings survey shows the public/private gap in weekly earnings is small and has changed little recently – in September 2010 it was 4 per cent, in September 2011 it was 4.1 per cent and it was 4.5 per cent in September 2012. AWE in the public sector in September 2012 was ￡488, up by 1.7 per cent this year compared with ￡476 in the private sector, excluding financial services.
In a paper published last week, the ONS examined the public/private hourly earnings pay gap in 2011*. Some of the pay differences between the two sectors they found were attributable to factors such as location, tenure and size of workplace or organisation. Big employers pay more, there is a London premium and workers are paid more the longer their tenure.
Using a so-called regression model, the ONS attempted to “control” for differences in worker characteristics between the sectors. It used data obtained from employers from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings and controlled for gender, age, occupation, the region that the job is located in, full time/part time, permanent/temporary, job tenure and size of organisation. It found public-sector workers earned 14.9 per cent per hour more than private-sector workers, but once they controlled for the above factors the differential dropped to only 2.2 per cent more per hour.
It turns out such estimates are sensitive to not including relevant variables that are likely to influence pay, especially qualifications which are not available in the ASHE survey. The educated get a wage premium. This matters because the average public-sector worker has a higher level of educational qualifications than the private-sector worker. It turns out that 40 per cent of public-sector workers have a degree or equivalent compared with 25 per cent in the private sector.
A better source of data is the ONS’s Labour Force Survey which gives a rather different answer. The LFS has all of the same data as ASHE but also includes highest educational qualifications, which turn out to matter.
I took earnings data on approximately 70,A wide range of polished tiles for your tile flooring and walls.000 employees from January 2011 to September 2012 and also estimated a series of regressions. The results are reported in the table above. The first row reports the raw difference of 22 per cent without any controls. In the second row I report results which “control” statistically for age, gender, job tenure, region of work, hours of work and workplace size and the differential halves to 11 per cent.
In the third row I add controls for highest qualification. When I do that the differential becomes negative: public-sector pay is below private-sector pay, not above it. I then took this specification and estimated results separately by region: public-sector pay gaps are negative in London and the rest of the South,Interlocking security cable tie with 250 pound strength makes this ideal for restraining criminals. are 0 per cent in the Midlands but positive in the North and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland.
Contrary to what some commentators have suggested, pay in the public sector is lower than in the private once differences in characteristics are accounted for. Public-sector workers do not appear to be overpaid.
Elekta has received 510(k) clearance for its Clarity? 4D Monitoring software, enabling U.S. medical centers to implement this new way of reducing the uncertainty caused by prostate motion during radiation treatment. Physicians will be able to monitor the motion of the prostate and surrounding tissues and organs – in real-time and with sub-millimeter accuracy – during the delivery of therapeutic radiation beams.
The ability to continuously visualize the prostate's precise location constantly during treatment is especially important for clinicians pursuing advanced prostate protocols, such as reduced margin hypofractionated therapy or advanced stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR).
"What makes 4D monitoring with Clarity a possible 'game-changer' is that it's simple, inexpensive, and will enable real time continuous monitoring of the prostate – increasingly critical as we consider techniques such as hypofractionation, which entails treating patients in shorter therapy courses, but with longer individual treatments," says James Wallace , M.D., radiation oncologist at Fletcher Allen Health Care. "We know that the prostate moves during these prolonged treatments and we are going to have to account for it in some way. The capability to observe the prostate from the beginning of the fraction to the end will be incredibly powerful. We will integrate 4D monitoring with Clarity into our clinical practice as soon as we can."
"It's remarkably clear compared to other ultrasound technology and in our experience comparable to MRI in terms of our ability to identify structures in the lower pelvis," he notes. "In comparison to other systems, 4D monitoring with Clarity will not only be more cost-efficient, but patient acceptance will also be higher. Telling patients that we have a new way to track their prostate without sticking a needle through the rectum will make them pretty happy. This is unbelievably great technology."
Given the nature of the service,High quality stone mosaic tiles. even Snapchat CEO Evan Spiegel has acknowledged it seems inevitable to be used for explicit pictures, admitting: 'The minute you tell someone that images on your server disappear, everyone jumps to sexting.'
Facebook's version of the app offers pretty much the same service,This document provides a guide to using the ventilation system in your house to provide adequate fresh air to residents. allowing users to send messages to others that are viewable only for a set period.
The move to come up with their own Snapchat-like app is just the latest in a string of aggressive moves by Facebook to dominate the friend-to-friend communications market, AllthingsD says.
It's just a fortnight since the social network giant updated its Messenger app for Android to allow people without a Facebook account to send messages, in what was seen as an attempt to challenge to messaging service WhatsApp.
The new service is likely to further worry parents who see the proliferation of Snapchat-like services as a potential lure to underage children to distribute explicit pictures of themselves.
The website for the now controversial app features two young, pretty girls and the downloadable program is described as being rated for users over 12 years due in part to 'mild sexual content or nudity.'
However, despite Snapchat's glossy promise to make photo retention harder than before, it has been shown that the program is not foolproof and is open to abuse.
When a user attempts to take a screenshot of another person's picture, Snapchat automatically notifies the sender but it does not stop the recipient from taking a screenshot nor can it prevent another phone or camera taking a picture of the original image.
This has led to worries that the files sent via the service could nonetheless find their way on to the Internet where the original sender quickly loses control of who can get their hands on the explicit images.
The last three presidents – Messrs Clinton, Bush and Obama – have all served two terms. Bill Clinton had lots of problems in his first year in office as it took so long to get his appointments in place during his attempt to pass healthcare reform. In part this is the reason why there is a gap of a couple of months between the election in November and the inauguration in January.
The current system in the UK means that the transitions between governments are much more seamless and best left alone. Civil servants perform many of the tasks in the UK that political appointees perform in the US and the system appears to have worked well for a generation. If it isn’t broken don’t fix it.
The recession has given the Coalition a handy excuse for reducing the size of the state. David Cameron, for example, made it clear he thinks civil servants are “the enemies of enterprise”.
It is unsurprising then to see continued attacks on public sector workers who have been fired at an even faster rate than planned.Our technology gives rtls systems developers the ability. Public-sector employment is down by 628,000 since June 2010 and is expected to be 1.1m lower by 2018 if Chancellor George Osborne has his way.
The attacks on the public sector are broad based. Francis Maude, Cabinet Office minister, apparently wants a bigger ministerial role in order to increase the accountability of civil servants. For example, Mr Maude has been pressing for secretaries of state to be allowed to choose their most senior civil servants from a shortlist of approved candidates. This apparently hasn’t gone down well with Sir Humphrey who has booted the proposal into touch. Mr Maude, pictured above, of course, was the clot who caused panic earlier this year by advising people to fill up their vehicles and to store fuel in their garages in jerrycans because of a non-existent fuel shortage.
In the Autumn Statement the Chancellor announced that he is imposing an extra two years of real pay cuts for millions of public sector workers. Plus, in another sop to the right-wing of the Tory party that thinks the UK’s labour market is inflexible even though it isn’t, Mr Osborne announced he plans to end national pay bargaining for teachers within two years. Teacher unions are not going to accept this without a fight. Half of all workers in education are union members.
But how does the pay of public-sector workers compare with those in the private sector? Public-sector pay acts as an automatic stabiliser as the economy slows, declining less in recessions than private-sector pay and is especially important in high-unemployment areas.
The evidence from the Office for National Statistics, Average Weekly Earnings survey shows the public/private gap in weekly earnings is small and has changed little recently – in September 2010 it was 4 per cent, in September 2011 it was 4.1 per cent and it was 4.5 per cent in September 2012. AWE in the public sector in September 2012 was ￡488, up by 1.7 per cent this year compared with ￡476 in the private sector, excluding financial services.
In a paper published last week, the ONS examined the public/private hourly earnings pay gap in 2011*. Some of the pay differences between the two sectors they found were attributable to factors such as location, tenure and size of workplace or organisation. Big employers pay more, there is a London premium and workers are paid more the longer their tenure.
Using a so-called regression model, the ONS attempted to “control” for differences in worker characteristics between the sectors. It used data obtained from employers from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings and controlled for gender, age, occupation, the region that the job is located in, full time/part time, permanent/temporary, job tenure and size of organisation. It found public-sector workers earned 14.9 per cent per hour more than private-sector workers, but once they controlled for the above factors the differential dropped to only 2.2 per cent more per hour.
It turns out such estimates are sensitive to not including relevant variables that are likely to influence pay, especially qualifications which are not available in the ASHE survey. The educated get a wage premium. This matters because the average public-sector worker has a higher level of educational qualifications than the private-sector worker. It turns out that 40 per cent of public-sector workers have a degree or equivalent compared with 25 per cent in the private sector.
A better source of data is the ONS’s Labour Force Survey which gives a rather different answer. The LFS has all of the same data as ASHE but also includes highest educational qualifications, which turn out to matter.
I took earnings data on approximately 70,A wide range of polished tiles for your tile flooring and walls.000 employees from January 2011 to September 2012 and also estimated a series of regressions. The results are reported in the table above. The first row reports the raw difference of 22 per cent without any controls. In the second row I report results which “control” statistically for age, gender, job tenure, region of work, hours of work and workplace size and the differential halves to 11 per cent.
In the third row I add controls for highest qualification. When I do that the differential becomes negative: public-sector pay is below private-sector pay, not above it. I then took this specification and estimated results separately by region: public-sector pay gaps are negative in London and the rest of the South,Interlocking security cable tie with 250 pound strength makes this ideal for restraining criminals. are 0 per cent in the Midlands but positive in the North and Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland.
Contrary to what some commentators have suggested, pay in the public sector is lower than in the private once differences in characteristics are accounted for. Public-sector workers do not appear to be overpaid.
Elekta has received 510(k) clearance for its Clarity? 4D Monitoring software, enabling U.S. medical centers to implement this new way of reducing the uncertainty caused by prostate motion during radiation treatment. Physicians will be able to monitor the motion of the prostate and surrounding tissues and organs – in real-time and with sub-millimeter accuracy – during the delivery of therapeutic radiation beams.
The ability to continuously visualize the prostate's precise location constantly during treatment is especially important for clinicians pursuing advanced prostate protocols, such as reduced margin hypofractionated therapy or advanced stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR).
"What makes 4D monitoring with Clarity a possible 'game-changer' is that it's simple, inexpensive, and will enable real time continuous monitoring of the prostate – increasingly critical as we consider techniques such as hypofractionation, which entails treating patients in shorter therapy courses, but with longer individual treatments," says James Wallace , M.D., radiation oncologist at Fletcher Allen Health Care. "We know that the prostate moves during these prolonged treatments and we are going to have to account for it in some way. The capability to observe the prostate from the beginning of the fraction to the end will be incredibly powerful. We will integrate 4D monitoring with Clarity into our clinical practice as soon as we can."
"It's remarkably clear compared to other ultrasound technology and in our experience comparable to MRI in terms of our ability to identify structures in the lower pelvis," he notes. "In comparison to other systems, 4D monitoring with Clarity will not only be more cost-efficient, but patient acceptance will also be higher. Telling patients that we have a new way to track their prostate without sticking a needle through the rectum will make them pretty happy. This is unbelievably great technology."
Given the nature of the service,High quality stone mosaic tiles. even Snapchat CEO Evan Spiegel has acknowledged it seems inevitable to be used for explicit pictures, admitting: 'The minute you tell someone that images on your server disappear, everyone jumps to sexting.'
Facebook's version of the app offers pretty much the same service,This document provides a guide to using the ventilation system in your house to provide adequate fresh air to residents. allowing users to send messages to others that are viewable only for a set period.
The move to come up with their own Snapchat-like app is just the latest in a string of aggressive moves by Facebook to dominate the friend-to-friend communications market, AllthingsD says.
It's just a fortnight since the social network giant updated its Messenger app for Android to allow people without a Facebook account to send messages, in what was seen as an attempt to challenge to messaging service WhatsApp.
The new service is likely to further worry parents who see the proliferation of Snapchat-like services as a potential lure to underage children to distribute explicit pictures of themselves.
The website for the now controversial app features two young, pretty girls and the downloadable program is described as being rated for users over 12 years due in part to 'mild sexual content or nudity.'
However, despite Snapchat's glossy promise to make photo retention harder than before, it has been shown that the program is not foolproof and is open to abuse.
When a user attempts to take a screenshot of another person's picture, Snapchat automatically notifies the sender but it does not stop the recipient from taking a screenshot nor can it prevent another phone or camera taking a picture of the original image.
This has led to worries that the files sent via the service could nonetheless find their way on to the Internet where the original sender quickly loses control of who can get their hands on the explicit images.
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